If you have ever worked IT at a company that uses Mac's for their employees, you've had a need to get system information from a computer that you didn't have password access to.  That's where the XXXX tool comes in; Because MacOS at it's core runs Linux, we have things like single user mode and system_profiler to help us out.

To begin with, boot to single user mode by restarting and pressing ⌘ + s before the startup chime.

To get comprehensive system information, type the following:

system_profiler SPSoftwareDataType SPHardwareDataType

The output will be similar to the following:

Software:

    System Software Overview:

      System Version: macOS 12.5.1 (21G83)
      Kernel Version: Darwin 21.6.0
      Boot Volume: Macintosh HD
      Boot Mode: Normal
      Computer Name: Ares
      User Name: Chris Miller (cmiller)
      Secure Virtual Memory: Enabled
      System Integrity Protection: Enabled
      Time since boot: 7 days 14:50

Hardware:

    Hardware Overview:

      Model Name: MacBook Pro
      Model Identifier: MacBookPro17,1
      Chip: Apple M1
      Total Number of Cores: 8 (4 performance and 4 efficiency)
      Memory: 8 GB
      System Firmware Version: 7459.141.1
      OS Loader Version: 7459.141.1
      Serial Number (system): FVFG1JR6Q05F
      Hardware UUID: F2783CC7-DFEC-546C-9727-70F4056A6461
      Provisioning UDID: 00008103-000234140EA3001E
      Activation Lock Status: Enabled

To see the available information to view, type the following:

system_profiler -listDataTypes

Here's a list of the possible outputs:

SPParallelATADataType
SPUniversalAccessDataType
SPSecureElementDataType
SPApplicationsDataType
SPAudioDataType
SPBluetoothDataType
SPCameraDataType
SPCardReaderDataType
SPiBridgeDataType
SPDeveloperToolsDataType
SPDiagnosticsDataType
SPDisabledSoftwareDataType
SPDiscBurningDataType
SPEthernetDataType
SPExtensionsDataType
SPFibreChannelDataType
SPFireWireDataType
SPFirewallDataType
SPFontsDataType
SPFrameworksDataType
SPDisplaysDataType
SPHardwareDataType
SPInstallHistoryDataType
SPInternationalDataType
SPLegacySoftwareDataType
SPNetworkLocationDataType
SPLogsDataType
SPManagedClientDataType
SPMemoryDataType
SPNVMeDataType
SPNetworkDataType
SPPCIDataType
SPParallelSCSIDataType
SPPowerDataType
SPPrefPaneDataType
SPPrintersSoftwareDataType
SPPrintersDataType
SPConfigurationProfileDataType
SPRawCameraDataType
SPSASDataType
SPSerialATADataType
SPSPIDataType
SPSmartCardsDataType
SPSoftwareDataType
SPStartupItemDataType
SPStorageDataType
SPSyncServicesDataType
SPThunderboltDataType
SPUSBDataType
SPNetworkVolumeDataType
SPWWANDataType
SPAirPortDataType

Hope you find this useful.